Geographical Diversity of Nepal¶

Physiographic Regions¶

mindmap
  root(("Nepal Physiographic Regions"))
    him["Himalayan Region"]
      him1["Mukhya: Greater Himalayas (Main)"]
      him2["Bhitrai: Inner Himalayas"]
      him3["Simanta: Trans-Himalayas (Border)"]
    hil["Hilly Region"]
      hil1["Chure: Churia Range (Sub-Himalayan / Siwalik Hills)"]
      hil2["Mahabharat: Mahabharat Range (Lesser Himalayas)"]
      hil3["Madhya: Mid-Hills / Midlands"]
    ter["Terai Region (Plains)"]
      ter1["Khas Terai: Terai Proper (Main Plains)"]
      ter2["Bhabar: Bhabar Zone (Foothill Boulder Zone)"]
      ter3["Bhitri Madhesh: Inner Terai (valleys between Chure and Mahabharat)"]

Region Comparison¶

Topic	Himalayan	Hill (Pahad)	Terai
Height	> 3,000 m (max 8,848.86 m — Sagarmatha)	600–3,000 m	< 600 m (min 58 m — Kechana, Jhapa)
Districts	21	35	21
Area (%)	15	68	17
Largest district	Dolpa (7,889 sq km — largest in Nepal)	Sindhuli	Kailali
Smallest district	Purbi Rukum	Bhaktapur	Parasi
Population (%)	6.09	40.25	53.66
Occupation	Animal husbandry	Fruit cultivation	Agriculture & business
Local levels	169	308	276
Election constituencies	18	69	78

Ranges in Detail¶

Attribute	Chure (Shivalik)	Mahabharat	Bhitri Madhesh (Inner Terai)
Altitude	610 m – 1,872 m	sea level – 3,000 m	sea level – 610 m
Area (%)	12.7	25.8	8.5
Highest	Garva (Kailali)	Shailung (Dolakha)	—
Other name	Shivalik	Hill Station of Nepal (Nepal Ko Hawakhori)	Dun Pradesh
Boundaries	—	—	N: Mahabharat · S: Chure
Districts (7, partial)	—	—	Udayapur, Sindhuli, Makwanpur, Chitwan, Nawalpur, Dang, Surkhet
Smallest / Largest	—	—	Nawalpur / Dang
Size (L × B)	—	—	32.64 × 16 km

Bhitri Madhesh district mnemonic — उसिम चिनदासु

Some Valleys (height from sea level)¶

Valley	Height (m)
Udayapur	360
Dang	663
Surkhet	664
Pokhara	819
Panchkhal	871
Banepa	1,554

Soil of Nepal¶

Agriculturable land: 17.97%
Types: (to be added)